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Sir Audley Mervyn of Trillick (1603?–1675) was a lawyer and politician in seventeenth-century Ireland. He was MP for County Tyrone and Speaker of the Irish House of Commons 1661-1666.〔|page=109|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=0I9AAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA109&dq="Audley+Mervyn"+Tyrone+speaker+house+of+commons&hl=en&ei=lJTyS5WzMIKUnwOJr52wDQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCwQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22Audley%20Mervyn%22%20Tyrone%20speaker%20house%20of%20commons&f=false〕 He was the second son of Sir Henry Mervyn of Petersfield, Hampshire, who married his cousin Lady Christian Tuchet, daughter of George Tuchet, 1st Earl of Castlehaven and his wife Lucy Mervyn. He attended Christ Church, Oxford. He moved to Ireland, at the suggestion of his Castlehaven relatives, who had large estates in that country, and himself became a substantial landowner. By 1640 he had become a captain in the army raised for Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford〔R. M. Armstrong, ‘Mervyn , Sir Audley (1603?–1675)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, Sept 2004; online edn, Oct 2006 (accessed 18 May 2010 )〕 and in the same year was elected MP for Tyrone. In 1641 he led the attack on Strafford in the Irish House of Commons, presenting articles of impeachment against Sir Richard Bolton, Lord Chancellor of Ireland; John Bramhall, Bishop of Derry; Sir Gerard Lowther, Chief Justice of the Irish Common Pleas; and Sir George Radcliffe, member of the Privy Council of Ireland. These were all friends and ministers of the Earl of Strafford, then under impeachment by the House of Commons of England. Between 1641 and 1661 he served in the Army, rising to the rank of Colonel. His movements during the 1650s are unclear: at one point he was arrested and returned to England but was shortly thereafter allowed to go back to Ulster. He evidently decided on a legal career and entered the King's Inn in 1658. In 1660 he was appointed as one of twelve commissioners sent from Tyrone to Charles II, was knighted, and was appointed to the post of Prime Serjeant, the senior law post in Ireland.〔 James Butler, 1st Duke of Ormonde, the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, however, had always distrusted him and preferred to take advice only from the Attorney General for Ireland, Sir William Domville, so that in a few years Mervyn's role as legal adviser effectively lapsed. From then on the Attorney General of Ireland was always in practice the senior adviser. He was chosen Speaker in the House of Commons in May 1661 when again member for Tyrone, rather against the wishes of the King, who would have preferred William Domville. Shortly thereafter he went to England for nine months between September 1661 and May 1662 to take part in negotiations on the Act of Settlement 1662. When he returned he played an influential role in the House and was at the same time involved in the Court of Claims set up under the Act of Settlement to adjudicate land claims. This led to charges of corruption against him. He was Speaker until the dissolution of Parliament in 1666, although he had greatly offended the King, and his loyalty was suspected. He continued his legal practice but his later years are rather obscure. He married firstly in 1638 Mary Dillon, daughter of John Dillon of Castle Dillon, and widow of Francis Windsor. He married secondly Martha, (died 1685) daughter of Sir Hugh Clotworthy and sister of the leading politician John Clotworthy, 1st Viscount Massereene. By two marriages he had at least three sons and two daughtesr. His principal seat was Trillick Castle (or Castle Tuchet), County Tyrone, which remained in the Mervyn family for several generations. According to the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, "Opinions concerning Mervyn, both in his own day and since, have been various, but rarely complimentary, with frequent accusations of corruption, lack of scruple, or the pursuit of self-interest above principle."〔 ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Audley Mervyn」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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